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Biochemical sensing

Our research focuses on developing electrochemical sensors by measuring biochemical biomarker concentrations to understand physiological states. Microfabrication process allows high electrode density, mechanical compatibility to biological tissues, and high surface area for enhanced sensitivity. By functionalization with various recognition elements, biochemical sensors can selectively measure analytes such as nitric oxide, interleukin 10, lactate and GABA. For example, endogenously produced nitric oxide is an inflammation biomarker which can be used to assess the wound healing stage. Conformal nitric oxide sensors made by microfabrication process allows real-time and continuous detection on wound bed.

Pain research

Our research focuses on developing next-generation neural interfaces to better understand and treat chronic pain. Current technologies are limited in their ability to simultaneously monitor the complex electrical and chemical signals involved in pain pathways. To address this, we are creating highly flexible, transparent microelectrode arrays. These devices will allow for concurrent, high-resolution optical imaging of neural activity, electrochemical sensing of key neurotransmitters like GABA, and direct electrical stimulation and recording. We are also investigating the use of multiple partially-selective electrodes, paired with machine learning approaches, to enable detection of multiple analytes in a single measurement. 

This multimodal approach allows researchers to better study cell-specific responses to neural stimulation, particularly in therapies such as dorsal root ganglion stimulation (DRGS) and spinal cord stimulation (SCS). In turn, by providing better tools to decipher the underlying mechanisms and pathways of pain, it enables clinicians to refine interventions, predict treatment responses, and ultimately improve both the consistency of outcomes and the overall patient experience.